Flu Terms Defined

Seasonal (or common) flu is a respiratory illness that can be transmitted person to person. Most people have some immunity, and a vaccine is available.

Avian (or bird) flu is caused by influenza viruses that occur naturally among wild birds. The H5N1 variant is deadly to domestic fowl and can be transmitted from birds to humans. There is no human immunity and no vaccine is available.

Swine (or pig) flu is a respiratory disease of pigs caused by type A Influenza that regularly causes outbreaks in pigs, usually in the late fall and winter months, similar to seasonal influenza in humans.  At this time, there are four variants of swine flu H1N1, H1N2, H3N2 and H3N1. Most recently, the H1N1 viruses have been isolated. Swine flu does not normally infect humans, however sporadic human infections have occurred.  The symptoms of swine flu in humans is similar to human seasonal flu, including fever, lethargy, lack of appetite and coughing. Some people with swine flu also have reported runny nose, sore throat, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea.

Pandemic flu is virulent human flu that causes a global outbreak, or pandemic, of serious illness. Because there is little natural immunity, the disease can spread easily from person to person. Currently, there is no pandemic flu.